计划与调度;本体;语义
DOI:10.159
38/j.jhust.2018.03.001
中图分类号: TP301
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2018)03-0001-08
Servitization of Job Shop Scheduling Algorithms
LIU Sheng-hui, ZHANG Xing, ZHANG Shu-li, MA Chao
(School of Software, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China)
Abstract:The scheduling algorithm resources are not yet fully shared betwwen manufacturing execution system, and it is difficult to efficiently select the appropriate scheduling algorithm for scheduling problem from the candidate scheduling resources. To resolve this issue, the servitization of job shop scheduling algorithm resource in cloud manufacturing was studied. Firstly, an OWL-S-based ontology data model and publication specification of scheduling algorithm resource was given, and then a quantitative matching and recommending method based on weighted multidimensional feature fusion was presented, in order to improve the satisfaction of algorithm service requesters and the economic benefits of algorithm resource providers. Finally, through building a prototype system and using the historical data of Harbin Electrical Machinery Plant as a verification case, the results proved that the data model and recommend algorithm can effectively promote the sharing degree and selection speed of scheduling resources.
Keywords:cloud manufacturing; algorithm; Job Shop Scheduling; ontology; semantics
0 引 言
作業车间调度是制造执行系统(manufacturing execution system, MES)的核心功能之一,其是车间能否在期望的时间内合理利用有限的制造资源完成相应的加工任务的关键,因此,及时准确地作业车间调度对车间生产系统的高效运行有着重要地影响。
当前的制造执行系统多处于独立、封闭的环境,不同制造执行系统之间的调度算法资源尚不能进行充分共享,制约了车间生产效率的提升。并且,现实生产中,作业车间调度是一个复杂的问题,在不同环境下调度问题的模型(目标函数与约束)和求解方法[1-2]也不尽相同。针对不同的问题模型,如何高效地从众多的调度算法中选择合适的求解算法,也是一直困扰着制造企业的决策者。
云制造[3-4]的核心思想就是充分利用现在的制造资源,进行优化配置,实现资源的共享与协作。因此,针对上述问题,本文研究如何将作业车间调度算法这一特殊的软制造资源进行服务化封装[5-9],构建作业车间调度算法资源云服务池,提高其资源利用率,实现算法资源的增值增效;同时,给出在算法资源云服务平台中作业车间调度算法的语义匹配方法[10-14]和算法资源使用的评价模型,以便支持算法资源服务请求者获得适宜的作业车间调度算法。
1 作业车间调度算法资源共享过程
1.1 计划与调度算法资源的标准化接入
计划与调度算法资源属于制造软资源中的软件类资源,同时计划与调度算法具有与云服务使用者交互性不高的特点,因此适用于采取基于远程调用的方式来实现算法资源的接入。具体的说,可采用Web Service技术实现算法资源的标准化的互联网接入:利用SOAP(simple object access protocol)描述算法资源输入和输出消息的格式,利用WSDL(web services description language)描述如何访问云服务提供者的算法资源接口,利用UDDI(universal description discovery and integration)来管理、分发及查询封装成Web Service的计划与调度算法资源。
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